IMPORTANT QUALITY DEFINITIONS
Quality:- As ISO 9000 interprets, it’s an
integration of the features and characteristics, which determine the extent to
which output satisfies the customer’s, need.
Quality assurance:- Quality assurance is the
collective term for planned and systematic activities intended to provide
adequate confidence that the output will meet required quality levels.
Quality Control: - It is a quality
assurance action, which provides a means to control and measure the
characteristics of an item, process or facility in accordance with established
requirements.(as per SAFETY CODE-1988)
Some of the in-
process inspection activities include the monitoring, reduction of variation,
elimination of known causes and effects to increase economics effectiveness and
techniques like SQC, Quality circle etc., intended to create specific quality
characteristics.
The main aim of
QC is defect
prevention. It is
carried out by manufactures inspector’s.
Quality SURVEILLANCE: - QS
is
the function related to buyer’s inspector or third party inspection. Who
continuously monitor, verify and witness various important manufacturing and
testing stages of QA plan. He also evaluates the product quality and endorses
the QC documents.
Inspection:- Quality
control action which by means of examination, observation or measurement
determine the conformance of materials, parts, components as well as processs
and procedures, with predetermined quality requirements. .(as per SAFETY
CODE-1988)
The main aim of inspection is defect detection.
EXAMINATION:- an element of inspection consisting of
investigation of materials, components, supplies or services, to determine
conformance with those specified requirements which can be determined by such
investigation. .(as per SAFETY CODE-1988)
Non-Conformance:- A
deficiency in quality characteristics,
documentation or procedure which renders the quality of an item unacceptable or
indeterminate. .(as per SAFETY CODE-1988)
Repair: The process of
restoring a non-confirming item to a condition such that the capability of this
item to function reliably and safely is unimparted even though that item still
may not conform to the prior specification.
Rework:- the process by
which a non-confrming item is made to conform to a prior specified requirement
by completion, re machining, reassembling or other corrective means.
Defect: - The
nonfulfillment of intended usage requirements.
Statistical quality CONTROL- SQC is the application of statistical principles and tools in qc.
Statistical quality CONTROL- SQC is the application of statistical principles and tools in qc.
Accuracy:-
The closeness of agreement of an observed quantity
or value to the defined or true value.
Note: it is the error or uncertainty.
Precision:-It is the ability, of the instrument to obtain
repeatable results during successive measurements, under the prescribed
definite procedure.
QUALITY
CIRCLE:- Quality circle is a quality
improvement and self- improvement study groups. A circle usually composes of
workers, supervisor and executives.
Non-Confirmity:- The nonfulfillment of quality characteristics or
quality system elements from specified
requirements.
sIX-SIGMA:- It is the defect
level of a process. i.e. if a process is six sigma(6σ) then it is
expected to give only 0.002 defective parts per million (1million =1x106 or
10 lakhs )
Sigma level Defect rate in (PPM)
1
σ = 317400 x10000
3
σ = 2700x 10000
5
σ = 0.57x 10000
6
σ = 0.002x 10000
(From The Enigma of Six sigma Mr.Navin saxena Mgr)
Compiled by LRC, BARC, Tiruchy